International Journal of Asian Social Science

The interplay of organizational factors, incentive systems, and employee performance

Irmohizam Ibrahim — 2024-11-01

This systematic review aims to explore the relationships between organizational factors, incentive systems, and employee performance in modern workplaces, addressing the need for a comprehensive understanding of these interconnected elements. A rigorous three-stage methodology was employed, including a comprehensive database search of international databases such as Google Scholar and Scopus, screening based on predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria, and quality assessment using the Mixed-methods Appraisal Tool. This was followed by qualitative synthesis and framework analysis to identify patterns and trends across the selected literature. The review reveals that well-designed incentive systems can significantly enhance the impact of positive organizational factors on employee performance, while emphasizing the importance of considering both intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors. Several moderating variables, including organizational culture, leadership styles, and individual employee characteristics, were identified as influencing incentive system effectiveness. The study also highlights the need for organizations to adapt their incentive strategies to evolving work paradigms, such as remote work and the gig economy. These findings provide valuable insights for managers and policymakers seeking to optimize their organizations' performance management strategies, emphasizing the importance of aligning incentive structures with organizational goals and employee needs. The review suggests that a holistic approach, considering multiple interconnected factors, is crucial for sustaining organizational performance and employee productivity. Future research directions include cross-cultural studies and longitudinal approaches to further understand the dynamic interplay between incentives, organizational factors, and employee productivity in changing work environments.

Psychosocial factors of work-life balance and resilience among Malaysian working women: A qualitative approach

Siti Aisyah binti Panatik — 2024-11-06

Regardless of cultural or geographical contexts, women worldwide often bear the primary responsibility for childcare and household management. For women pursuing careers, these responsibilities are amplified, creating a challenging dynamic as they strive to balance professional duties with domestic obligations. The onset of COVID-19 profoundly disrupted lives, with working women being particularly impacted. The pandemic necessitated a rapid transition to a "new normal," where remote work became the standard. This shift required women to juggle childcare, household chores, and professional tasks within the confines of the same physical space. Work-life balance refers to the equilibrium between personal, family, and professional responsibilities, while resilience is defined as an individual's capacity to cope with and recover from adversity. This paper examines the psychosocial factors contributing to work-life balance and resilience, which are vital for achieving a balanced and fulfilling life among working women in Malaysia. Data was collected through a qualitative approach using focus group discussions with eleven working women from diverse professional backgrounds, and the data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal that the psychosocial factors affecting work-life balance and resilience are deeply interconnected. Three major themes emerged from the analysis: social support, individual factors, and spirituality. These factors enable working women to adapt, persevere, and thrive despite challenges, especially with the support of their families, including spouses and parents. This study underscores the critical role of psychosocial factors in enhancing work-life balance and resilience among working women, highlighting their importance in navigating the complexities of modern life.

Effect of high-intensity training on physiological parameters among soccer referee: A systematic review

Lingling Zhang — 2024-12-03

This study explores the psycho-physiological impact of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on soccer referees, aiming to inform the development of training programmes that integrate educational psychology principles. It investigates how HIIT influences both mental health and physical performance, compared to alternative training methods, such as Small-Sided Games (SSG). A comprehensive review of 60 studies on the effects of HIIT on soccer referees was conducted, with 15 studies selected through rigorous screening. Credible databases were systematically searched, and biases were evaluated using the PICO (Patients, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) framework to ensure methodological robustness. The study compared the physiological and psychological effects of HIIT and SSG therapies on soccer referees, incorporating funnel plot analysis to assess potential publication bias. The results indicated that SSG sprint training outperforms alternative methods in terms of sprint ability. However, HIIT was found to yield higher mental component summary scores, suggesting potential mental health benefits. The funnel plot revealed potential publication bias, and moderate heterogeneity was observed across studies, raising caution in interpreting the results. Despite these variations, HIIT demonstrated significant improvements in mental health and sprint performance compared to controls. The findings suggest that HIIT can be an effective method for enhancing both the mental and physical fitness of soccer referees. However, the observed heterogeneity and potential biases indicate the need for further research to validate these results and optimise training programmes. Tailored interventions based on these findings could improve officiating efficacy and promote the overall well-being of referees.