A STUDY TO INVESTIGATE THE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL FACILITIES TO IMPROVE TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS AT COLLEGE LEVEL IN TEHSIL KOTLI AZAD KASHMIR
1,2Department of Education Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University (PMAS AAUR) Rawalpindi Pakistan
3Associate Professor Department of Education Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University (PMAS AAUR) Rawalpindi Pakistan
ABSTRACT
The primary focus of the research was to investigate the importance of physical facilities to improve teaching learning process at college level in tehsil Kotli Azad Kashmir. It was descriptive study in nature. All teachers of public colleges of tehsil Kotli Azad Kashmir constituted population of the study. The study was delimited to public colleges of tehsil Kotli. Two post graduate colleges were selected for pilot testing process and these colleges were also included in final study. Consecutive sampling technique was used to draw the sample from population and 50% sample was selected randomly from the population. The data obtained was analyzed by using SPSS software. The study explore that physical facilities are essential for any effective teaching learning process. Findings of the study were that enough availability of physical facilities should improve any teaching learning process. The study recommends that; all basic and needed educational facilities such as furniture and buildings etc should be provided. College’s libraries must be updated according to the requirement of syllabus. College’s laboratories are equipped according to syllabus requirements. All required A.V aids should be provided.
Keywords:Physical facilities, Students performanceCollege, Teachers, Role, Performance, Students, Teaching, Learning, Infrastructure
ARTICLE HISTORY: Received:8 August 2018, Revised:11 September 2018, Accepted:15 October 2018, Published:19 November 2018
Education is a procedure of impart skills, awareness, knowledge production capabilities in the labor force it is an important part that decides the character, social and economic development of a nation. Education is universally known as well because it gives economic benefits as a shape of investment in human capital development that increases the productive capacity of its people by contributing to a country’s future (Woodhall et al., 2004).
UNESCO (2005) stated that education is a sign of country’s level of development. Internationally, education is known as a basic human right. The Human Rights Charter stated education as one of the basic human rights. It shows that quality of education available. With the attainment of universal participation in education will be essentially dependent upon the quality of education existing. To become the responsible productive and lively citizenship, schools help students to develop and get knowledge, skills values. The person who uses all these skills can achieve educational results.
Accordingly, analysts and policy makers alike should also find the issue of quality difficult to ignore. A well-educated and skilled student who can handle the problem within the area skillfully is formed by the Quality education system. Wanted qualities like good ethics should be inflict through this system .Students’ life decision/ chances are firmly effect by the quality of their education.
Following were the research questions of the study:
The physical facilities mean the infrastructure which is provided to the institutions in the shape of physical and human resources to provide the education. Schools and colleges are the pioneer institutions of the modern formal education system. These play a unique role for the modification of personality of individual for example modification of his behavior and pleasant growth and development of the whole organization through effective and efficient teaching/learning process. This entails’ the suitable use of adequate facilities and instructional materials is one of the key factors of the quality of education. Undoubtedly, teaching/learning could be more efficient and effective if it is aided by different useful teaching/learning materials. In brief the term physical facility includes i) school/college building, ii) school/college grounds, iii) instructional and teaching/learning equipment’s and iv) physical arrangements and provision for professional growth/development.
In every teaching learning process physical facilities such as, buildings, playgrounds and movable structure are essential for the improvement of its efficiency and effectiveness. According to Lackney (1994). School physical facilities as material structures, which serve instructive function and these stand for the physical appearance of the existence of every school, as school programs are articulated by them. Ehiametalor (2001) stated that physical facilities are functional inputs of every teaching learning program. For valuable and effective teaching learning process educational goals and physical facilities ought to be view very closely interlink. Such type of physical facilities represents a teaching learning situation, which has marvelous impacts on the safety, performance and comfort of the pupil. Enough accessibility of physical resources refers to made maximum availability in this regard for effective teaching learning process of colleges. As Olagboye (2004) supported this view that by preserved that manager opening of new-fangled schools should anywhere to be had rules on availability of physical resources.
Okoro (2011) claimed that maximum funds should be provided to both public and private colleges to made enough availability of physical facilities to enhance college outcomes and to improve any teaching learning process. Okoro (2011) also suggested in his another study that availability of sufficient physical facilities which must be efficiently maintained and utilized according to need and demand of the situation should be helpful for teachers in their teaching and students for their better understanding.
The design of institution building and the provision of others physical facilities cannot insure that the educational program will be a superior one, but a poorly planned facility can greatly impede the development of an excellent program in all areas of the curriculum. Boles (1965) in his publication emphasizes the importance of a thorough study of the curriculum as a basis for a school building program he writes:" Studying curriculum is essential to any kind of school construction as it consists of a process of describing the predetermined experiences to be had by boys and girls within school facilities. Without this, the unique curriculum needs of a particular school community may be ignored.” The physical facilities should cover all the needs of various subjects being taught in the school, the level of education and ages and population of the students.
Provision of the physical facilities related to needs of the curriculum of all the subjects being taught in the school and the needs of the students of their age group and population.
Update the facilities with the changes in curriculum and the pulsation of the students and staff.
After the physical facilities are provided every efforts must be made to see that the facilities and equipment are properly used to a maximum degree.
Relating to an educational innovation and the school plan (George, 1975) writes: "The important consideration for design is not the listing of activates to be housed, but crystal-ball exploration in to tends, techniques, and new programs that will have a present and future in flamenco on the kinds of facilities planned". About the importance of library in a school, Merrill and Drob (1974) stated:” If our schools are to become places where the creative potential of students can develop, then we must have a new kind of school plant. The architect should first turn his attention to the schools today. The new library must be as large as a gymnasium and is intensely used." Physical facilities are to be designed in such a way that it also takes care of the future developments in schools education. Library should be an important component.
The books and other read in material are to be selected which can help the students and teachers in improving their knowledge and Teachers-learning skills. The nature of required physical facilities is varying with the every type of education. Requirements of physical facilitates at elementary level are different from those of secondary level. Colleges and universities need entirely different facilities. Vocational and technical education demand facilities, which are drastically at variance with those of general education. Education Facilities generally include the physical facilities of an educational institution and they mainly deal with the school building, equipment, furniture, Library and laboratories. The researcher however has included the provision of teachers in the schools as a facility because no educational institution can be of repute without its teachers.
2.6. Institutions Effectiveness
Cheng (1996) said that effectiveness of institutions is the capability of the institutions to make best use of institutional functions or it is the degree in which the institutions can act upon institutional functions when fixed amount of institutional inputs are given. According to Creemers and Reezigt (1999) Educational effectiveness is differentiated from the study of educational effects which also described unanticipated educational outcomes i.e the hidden curriculum results. Alternatively, it is also seen as of the concept of educational competency which concerned with the association between the inputs of education and the effects of education, mostly in the terms of finance. Effectiveness points out such factors at the different stages of any education system to contribute in outcomes of education. As Creemers and Reezigt (1999) explore that at such moment; the most excellent standard for the effectiveness of education is the worth of education puts into the preliminary traits of learners.
The study was ‘Impacts of Physical Facilities on Students Performance at College Level in Tehsil Kotli Azad Kashmir’ so; the public colleges of the tehsil Kotli Azad Kashmir were selected for this research and in this context public college teachers are involved as the population of the study. There were total 09 colleges and 154 teachers in tehsil Kotli Azad Kashmir.
Following are the delimitations of the study:
1. The study is delimited to public colleges located in tehsil Kotli Azad Kashmir.
2. Only the public colleges’ teachers from tehsil Kotli Azad Kashmir were included in this study.
Consecutive sampling technique was used. All nine colleges from tehsils Kotli were included in this research study. There were total 154 teachers in tehsil Kotli and 50% sample was selected randomly from the population. The data collected from all public colleges both male and female colleges of tehsil of Kotli. Whole population was selected as a sample of the study.
Descriptive approach was used in this research study while the researcher addressed the problems regarding to the Impacts of Physical Facilities on Students Performance at College Level in Tehsil Kotli Azad Kashmir. Quantitative research design was used in this study.
Questionnaire tool was used to collect data for this study. The researchers prepared a well-structured Likert scale questionnaire to get firsthand knowledge from the teachers belonging to mentioned study.
To confirm the reliability and validity of questionnaire two post graduate colleges of tehsil of Kotli were selected for pilot testing process and these colleges were also included in final study. After validity results further improvements or changes were made according to the results of validity.
Cronbach's Alpha |
N of Items |
.867 |
20 |
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
The collected data from questionnaires was analyzed through Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software’s. Appropriate statistical techniques were used in analysis.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 5 |
6.8 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 9 |
12.3 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 0 |
0 |
3.7123 |
1.17236 |
| Agree(4.00) | 40 |
54.79 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 18 |
24.7 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table the statement show that 24.7% respondent was strongly agreed and 54.79% were agreed with the statement that college building is fulfilling the need of the students. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 3.7123 and the Standard Deviation was 1.17236 from the same data. So, the Mean value 3.7123 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 1 |
1.4 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 7 |
9.5 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 0 |
0 |
4.1644 |
.78199 |
| Agree(4.00) | 41 |
56.2 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 24 |
32.9 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table the statement show that 32.9% respondent were strongly agreed and 56.2% were agreed with the statement that classrooms are clean, large enough and in appropriate in number to accommodate all the students. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 4.1644 and the Standard Deviation was .78199 from the same data. So, the Mean value 4.1644 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 0 |
0 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 25 |
34.2 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 0 |
0 |
3.5342 |
1.17948 |
| Agree(4.00) | 32 |
43.8 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 16 |
21.3 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.03 the statement show that 21.3% respondents were strongly agreed and 43.8% were agreed with the statement that the college furniture is fulfilling the need of students. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 3.5342 and the Standard Deviation was 1.17948 from the same data. So, the Mean value 3.5342 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 5 |
6.8 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 16 |
21.9 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 4 |
5.5 |
3.5479 |
1.26975 |
| Agree(4.00) | 30 |
41.1 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 18 |
24.7 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.04 the statement show that 24.7% respondents were strongly agreed and 41.1
% was agreed with the statement that the furniture is pre planed for the number of students. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 3.5479 and the Standard Deviation was 1.17236 from the same data. So, the Mean value 3.5479 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 3 |
4.1 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 9 |
12.4 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 0 |
0 |
3.2778 |
.93410 |
| Agree(4.00) | 45 |
61.6 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 16 |
21.9 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.05 the statement show that 21.9% respondents were strongly agreed and 61.6% were agreed with the statement that clean drinking water and washrooms are provided in the institution. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 3.2778 and the Standard Deviation was 1.17236 from the same data. So, the Mean value 3.2778 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
Table-4.6. Distribution of electricity
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 9 |
12.3 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 26 |
35.6 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 0 |
0 |
2.9726 |
1.24691 |
| Agree(4.00) | 34 |
46.6 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 4 |
5.5 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.06 the statement show that 46.6% respondents were strongly agreed and 35.6% were disagreed with the statement that the electricity is well distributed all over the institution. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 2.9726 and the Standard Deviation was 1.24691 from the same data. So, the Mean value 2.9726 of the table is lies in unknown statement which is close to 3 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 9 |
12.3 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 23 |
31.5 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 4 |
5.5 |
3.1233 |
1.14194 |
| Agree(4.00) | 33 |
45.2 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 4 |
5.5 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.07 the statement show that 45.2% respondents were agreed and 31.5% were disagreed with the statement that basic and needed infrastructure is being properly utilized.. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 3.1233and the Standard Deviation was 1.14194 from the same data. So, the Mean value 3.1233of the table is lies in unknown statement which is close to 3 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 3 |
4.1 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 7 |
9.6 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 0 |
0 |
3.9589 |
.93375 |
| Agree(4.00) | 49 |
67.1 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 14 |
19.2 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.08 the statement show that 19.2% respondents were strongly agreed and 67.1% were agreed with the statement that white boards, black boards and A.V aids are provided for the guidance of the students. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 3.9589 and the Standard Deviation was .93375 from the same data. So, the Mean value 3.9589 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 17 |
23.2 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 36 |
49.3 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 5 |
6.8 |
2.3562 |
1.21758 |
| Agree(4.00) | 11 |
15.0 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 4 |
5.4 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.09 the statement show that 23.2% respondents were strongly disagreed and 49.3% were disagreed with the statement that library is updated according to syllabus and general awareness of students. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 2.3562 and the Standard Deviation was 1.21758 from the same data. So, the Mean value 2.3562 of the table is lies in Disgree statement which is close to 2 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 13 |
17.8 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 37 |
50.7 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 5 |
6.8 |
2.5068 |
1.21476 |
| Agree(4.00) | 14 |
19.2 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 4 |
5.5 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.10 the statement show that 17.8% respondents were strongly disagreed and 50.7% were disagreed with the statement that laboratories are equipped according to syllabus.. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 2.5068 and the Standard Deviation was 1.21476 from the same data. So, the Mean value 2.5068 of the table is lies in Disagree statement which is close to 2 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 1 |
1.3 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 7 |
9.5 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 0 |
0 |
4.3288 |
.70818 |
| Agree(4.00) | 48 |
66.1 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 17 |
23.1 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.11 the statement show that 23.1% respondents were strongly agreed and 66.1% were agreed with the statement that proper college building is important for suitable learning environment. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 4.3288and the Standard Deviation was .70818 from the same data. So, the Mean value 4.3288 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 1 |
1.4 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 2 |
2.7 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 11 |
15.1 |
4.1507 |
.87682 |
| Agree(4.00) | 30 |
41.1 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 29 |
39.7 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.12 the statement show that 39.7% respondents were strongly agreed and 41.1% were agreed with the statement that well equipped classroom is important for suitable teaching learning process. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 4.1507 and the Standard Deviation was .87682 from the same data. So, the Mean value 4.1507 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 1 |
1.4 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 5 |
6.8 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 7 |
9.6 |
4.1096 |
.93633 |
| Agree(4.00) | 32 |
43.8 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 28 |
38.4 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.13 the statement show that 38.4% respondents were strongly agreed and 43.8% were agreed with the statement that infrastructure (like chairs table, black/white board is important for suitable teaching learning process. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 4.1096 and the Standard Deviation was .93633 from the same data. So, the Mean value 4.1096 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 6 |
8.2 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 4 |
5.5 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 2 |
2.7 |
4.0411 |
.93450 |
| Agree(4.00) | 38 |
52.1 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 23 |
31.5 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.14 the statement show that 31.5% respondents were strongly agreed and 52.1% were agreed with the statement that proper electricity is important for teaching learning process. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 4.0411 and the Standard Deviation was .93450 from the same data. So, the Mean value 4.0411 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 1 |
1.4 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 9 |
12.3 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 2 |
2.7 |
3.9452 |
.95584 |
| Agree(4.00) | 42 |
57.5 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 19 |
26.0 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.15 the statement show that 26.0% respondents were strongly agreed and 57.5% were agreed with the statement that water facility is important for suitable teaching learning process. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 3.9452 and the Standard Deviation was .95584 from the same data. So, the Mean value 3.9452 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 2 |
2.7 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 4 |
5.5 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 1 |
1.4 |
4.2329 |
1.02090 |
| Agree(4.00) | 32 |
43.8 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 34 |
46.6 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.16 the statement show that 46.6% respondents were strongly agreed and 43.8% were agreed with the statement that washroom facility is important for suitable teaching learning environment. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 4.2329 and the Standard Deviation was 1.02090 from the same data. So, the Mean value 4.2329 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 2 |
2.7 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 5 |
6.8 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 6 |
8.2 |
4.3562 |
.75222 |
| Agree(4.00) | 31 |
42.6 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 29 |
39.7 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.17 the statement show that 39.7% respondents were strongly agreed and 42.6% were agreed with the statement that computer facility and A.V aids is important for suitable teaching learning process. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 4.3562 and the Standard Deviation was .75222 from the same data. So, the Mean value 4.3562 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 4 |
5.5 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 5 |
6.8 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 3 |
4.1 |
4.0274 |
.74345 |
| Agree(4.00) | 34 |
46.6 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 27 |
37.0 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.18 the statement show that 37.0% respondents were strongly agreed and 46.6% were agreed with the statement that proper play ground is important to increase students’ interest on study. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 4.0274 and the Standard Deviation was .74345 from the same data. So, the Mean value 4.0274 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 4 |
5.5 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 3 |
4.1 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 5 |
6.8 |
4.1644 |
1.09308 |
| Agree(4.00) | 26 |
35.6 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 35 |
47.9 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.19 the statement show that 47.9% respondents were strongly agreed and 35.6% were agreed with the statement that library is important to increase students’ interest on study. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 4.1644 and the Standard Deviation was 1.09308 from the same data. So, the Mean value 4.1644 of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
| Frequency | Percent |
Mean |
St. Deviation |
|
| Strongly Disagree (1.00) | 3 |
4.1 |
||
| Disagree(2.00) | 1 |
1.4 |
||
| Unknown(3.00) | 4 |
5.5 |
4.4110 |
.96947 |
| Agree(4.00) | 20 |
27.4 |
||
| Strongly Agree(5.00) | 45 |
61.6 |
||
| Total | 73 |
100.0 |
||
| Source: Analysis through IBM SPSS 20 |
Analysis: In above table no. 4.20 the statement show that 61.6% respondents were strongly agreed and 27.4% were agreed with the statement that laboratory facility is important for teaching learning process. The calculated Mean value of the statement was 4.4110and the Standard Deviation was .96947 from the same data. So, the Mean value 4.4110of the table is lies in Agree statement which is close to 4 of the labeled value in likert scale.
According to Cellini et al. (2010) that school facilities can have a deep impacts on any teaching learning process. With respect to teachers, school facilities affect teacher recruitment, retention, commitment, and effort. With respect to students, school facilities affect health, behavior, engagement, learning, and growth in achievement. Findings of this research conclude that adequate physical facilities are necessary for effective teaching learning process.
According to Asiyai (2012) School facilities are essential for improving quality of education. Any teaching learning process is affected by the enough availability of physical facilities such as college buildings, furniture, classrooms, and other physical inputs (Urwick and Junaidu, 1991). According to our findings enough availability of physical resources can be useful for improving quality of education.
According to Likoko et al. (2013) the quality and availability of school facilities experienced by a learner determines the quality of education. Additionally, they emphasized that, the quality and quantity of school resources can affect the quality of education and students performance. Findings of this research also explore that physical facilities are essential for any teaching learning process.
The following are the recommendations of the study:-
(1)All basic and needed educational facilities such as furniture and buildings etc should be provided.
(2)College’s libraries must be updated according to the requirement of syllabus.
(3)College’s laboratories are equipped according to syllabus requirements.
(4)All required A.V aids should be provided.
(5)Classrooms should be clean, large enough and appropriate in number to accommodate all the students.
(6)The college furniture is fulfilling the need of students.
(7)Clean drinking water, playgrounds and washrooms should be provided in the institution
Funding: This study received no specific financial support. |
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. |
Contributors/Acknowledgement: All authors contributed equally to the conception and design of the study. |
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