Abstract
This study reveals the level of overall, individual and pairwise integration among Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), China, Japan and Korea (+3 countries) based on the real and financial aspects. The findings are as follows: First, ASEAN +3 countries experience a declining integration during 2008 financial crisis. Two years after the crisis, however, ASEAN +3 countries follow a positive integration trend. Second, Malaysia, China and Korea are the most integrated countries in ASEAN +3. Conversely, the least integrated (segmented) countries in ASEAN +3 are Japan and Singapore. Finally, the most integrated pair countries in ASEAN +3 are Malaysia and Singapore, Philippines and Thailand, as well as Indonesia and Philippines. In contrast, the most segmented pairs in ASEAN +3 are Japan and Philippines, Singapore and Thailand, and Indonesia and Malaysia. The result of this study is important for ASEAN policy makers to monitor and improve the level of integration in the region.