Abstract
Bangladesh is more vulnerable to floods, cyclones, drought, and river erosion, which has become a part of climate change in rural landscapes. The identified risks represent a significant threat to agriculture-dependent livelihoods and rural development. The involvement of local government institutions (LGIs) in climate change mitigation and adaptation at the grassroots level is essential; however, their preparedness and capacity have not been adequately addressed. This paper examines the institutional capacity, preparedness, and awareness of rural LGIs regarding climate risks awareness, determines the bound barriers, and recommends the policy enhancements. The study followed a mixed-methods approach, which employs both quantitative (350 survey participants) and qualitative (key informant interviews) data. The results indicate that 80% of respondents were moderately aware of climate change and 85% of them believed that it was a severe threat to their locality; however, less than 6% had the impression that LGIs were well-prepared. The most significant limitations considered were lack of funding (46%), poor disaster preparedness, technical knowledge limitation, and lack of policy coordination. Despite the relative success of LGIs in responding to emergencies, as well as early warning systems, long-term plans, which include but are not limited to climate-resilient infrastructure, sustainable agriculture, and public education programs, are still weakly implemented. The current research demonstrates that LGIs desire to regulate climate action but lack the capacity. Strengthening LGIs requires training, climate finances, and strategy. Resilience and sustainable rural development against climate change require institutional autonomy, local-national alignment, and community engagement.