Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the serum level of calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with periodontitis subjects. A total of 450 subjects participated in the study, who were all distributed equally into three groups as control healthy individuals (group I), T2DM without periodontitis (group II), and T2DM with periodontitis (group III), matched for age, sex, and duration of diabetes. Serum concentrations of glucose, HbA1c, Ca, and Fe were measured using various methods. Student’s t-test, Pearson correlations, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used for statistical analysis. The serum Ca and Fe level was found to be significantly increased in T2DM with periodontitis (group III) and lowered in T2DM without periodontitis (group II) (P < 0.0001) when compared to control. Patients with T2DM with periodontitis has increased serum Ca level which are mainly released from the alveolar bone loss and increased Fe level further induces more complications in T2DM with periodontitis.